Phrases & Expressions

Because of a strong moral belief or rule that you have.

• I refused on principle.
• On principle, he doesn't lie.

Of an option, worth nothing if used now, because the market price is worse than the agreed price.

• The call option is out of the money because the share price is below the strike price.
• Most of his options expired out of the money.

Vague, not paying attention or not making sense.

• He's totally out to lunch today.
• Are you out to lunch? That's the wrong way.

A radio urgency signal showing that the message concerns a protected medical transport aircraft.

• The air ambulance began its call with the signal PAN PAN MEDICAL.
• PAN PAN MEDICAL tells everyone on the frequency that a medical transport is involved.

To make people believe that something false is true or real.

• He tried to pass off the copy as the original painting.
• She passed herself off as a doctor for months.

To work hard for a long time, often in junior jobs, before earning success or respect.

• He worked hard for years and paid his dues.
• You have to pay your dues before you can get promoted.

To show respect or express sympathy, especially at a funeral or when visiting someone important.

• Many people came to pay their respects to the late president.
• We went to pay our respects at the memorial service.

To introduce something new gradually over a period of time.

• They phased in the new system over six months.
• The new rules will be phased in over the next two years.

To gradually stop using or providing something over time.

• Many supermarkets are phasing out plastic bags.
• The company will phase out its oldest models over the next two years.

An unrealistic hope or plan that is unlikely to ever come true.

• Susan would love to move to New Zealand and write romance novels, but she knows it's just a pipe dream.
• You want to become a famous Broadway actor? That sounds like a pipe dream.